PEF and FDCA
Advancing the Science of Sustainability
The Future is PEF:
100% Plant-Based, Recyclable Polymer
PEF
With a wide range of applications such as packaging, textiles, and film, PEF boasts impressive barrier properties for carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen, leading to a longer shelf life of packaged products when compared to PET and conventional plastics. Its higher mechanical strength allows for thinner packaging, reducing resource usage. This powerful combination of environmental features and superior functionality position PEF as the next-generation polyester.
Benefits of Using PEF
Avantium’s FDCA Flagship Plant uses locally produced, commercially available first-generation feedstock: glucose or fructose from starch (wheat or corn). With its Dawn Technology™, Avantium aims to increase the use of second- or third-generation feedstocks.
Discover Dawn Technology™PEF fits perfectly in existing PET recycling streams. It is included in the prestigious Critical Guidance Protocol from the Association of Plastic Recyclers (APR) and has received an interim endorsement from the European PET Bottle Platform (EPBP) for recycling of multilayer PET/PEF packaging in the European bottle recycling market.
PEF offers a significantly lower carbon footprint compared to traditional plastics like PET, or other packaging material such as glass or aluminium.
PEF’s oxygen barrier is 10 times better than PET, its CO2 barrier is 6 to 10 times better, and its water barrier is twice as good.
PEF has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 86°C and a melting point (Tm) of 235°C.
PEF allows for less material needed to package food or drinks.
The Multifaceted Applications of PEF
PEF Bottles
- Longer Shelf Life: Ideal for fresh products, different types of beverages, including alcoholic beverages, etc.
- Visually Attractive: Enhanced appearance for marketing.
- Versatile Usage: Can be used as monolayer PEF or combined with other materials.
- Competing Materials: Glass, aluminum, paper, PET, and multi-layer bottles.
- Volume: 100 million tons/year.
PEF Fibres
- Stronger Properties: Superior strength for various applications.
- Applications: Textiles, upholstery, car tires, and industrial fibers.
- Competing Materials: PET, nylon, cotton.
- Volume: Over 50 million tons/year.
PEF Film & More
- Longer Shelf Life: Extends freshness of packaged goods.
- Markets: Suitable for packaging food and non-food products.
- Competing Materials: Glass, aluminum, paper, PET, and multi-layer formats.
- Volume: Over 5 million tons/year.
Partnering Across the Entire Value Chain
Waking Up the Sleeping Giant
FDCA
FDCA (furandicarboxylic acid) is the key building block for the high-performance plant-based polymer PEF. For a long time, an economically viable way to manufacture FDCA remained out of reach, leading to it being labeled ‘the sleeping giant of the chemicals industry’ – but that has all changed with the development of Avantium’s YXY® Technology. As a monomer, FDCA offers exciting opportunities to create a wide range of useful and sustainable polymers. Other FDCA-based polyesters, co-polyesters, polyamides, polyurethanes, and coating resins are also possible.
Avantium’s ongoing R&D efforts focus on enhancing the performance and scalability of PEF and FDCA, ensuring these materials meet the demands of a sustainable future.
YXY Technology
Imagine a Circular Plant-Based Plastic with High-Performance Properties and Endless Possibilities
YXY Technology catalytically converts plant-based sugars into FDCA, the key ingredient for making the next-generation polymer known as PEF. A 100% plant-based and recyclable plastic , PEF is imbued with superior performance properties compared to today’s petroleum-based packaging materials. PEF’s excellent barrier properties extend product shelf life, and its high mechanical strength offers lightweight solutions, reducing material usage.
Cultivating a cleaner tomorrow.
Since 2006, Avantium has pioneered its groundbreaking YXY Technology for producing FDCA. In 2011, Avantium opened its pilot plant based on YXY Technology. The world’s first commercial FDCA plant, located in Delfzijl, the Netherlands, is designed to produce thousands of tons of FDCA annually to meet the growing global demand for sustainable packaging materials.
An integral part of Avantium’s strategy is collaboration with partners throughout the entire value chain. We work with like-minded, leading companies who complement our skills and knowledge, increasing our chances of success. We engage in dialogues with partners and customers to explore common ground for building partnerships and creating inroads for our innovations worldwide.
One example is PEFerence, a consortium aiming to replace a significant share of fossil-based polyesters with 100% plant-based PEF. Members include Carlsberg Group, LVMH, Henkel, LEGO, and Nestlé Waters. Partnerships with industry leaders validate the performance and advantages of PEF, driving broader adoption.
Interest in FDCA and PEF is evident through contracts signed with companies like Carlsberg, Refresco, LVMH, Kvadrat, PANGAIA, and Henkel for various applications, including bottles, packaging, textiles, and adhesives. The adoption by these brands highlights trust in our renewable polymer. The widespread use of FDCA and PEF demonstrates their scalability and potential to significantly impact the global market.
As part of its commercialization strategy, Avantium is actively exploring technology licensing opportunities for large-scale production of YXY Technology. Licensing YXY® Technology to industrial partners is central to accelerating broad-scale deployment and market adoption of FDCA and PEF. This strategy allows for rapid scaling and implementation of sustainable solutions across the globe, currently supported by sales of FDCA and PEF from the Delfzijl plant to Avantium’s partners in the market.
Dawn Technology
Imagine a World Where Materials Are No Longer Made from Fossil Resources
Dawn Technology converts agricultural and forestry residues into high-value chemicals and materials, promoting a sustainable future by utilizing renewable feedstocks, minimizing environmental impact, and promoting circular economy principles.
Turning the Tide on Waste
A radically improved and modernized upgrade on a 100-year-old method, Dawn Technology converts non-food plant-based feedstocks, like forestry and agricultural residues, into industrial sugars. These sugars can then be used for making FDCA. In its Dawn Technology pilot plant, Avantium is also exploring the use of cotton-polyester-blend textile waste as feedstock for FDCA, with promising results. Avantium converts the cotton part of polycotton waste into glucose. The remaining material is cotton-free polyester, which can be chemically recycled.
The Dawn Technology pilot plant’s exploration of using cotton-polyester-blend textile waste as feedstock demonstrates flexibility in raw materials, enhancing sustainability, and reducing reliance on traditional sources.
The Dawn Technology pilot bio-refinery has shown up to 40% improvement in energy generation. This resource optimization enhances overall energy usage and resource utilization, making the process more sustainable and cost-effective.
Life Cycle Assessment
Third-party peer-reviewed and ISO-certified Life Cycle Assessments show that Avantium’s PEF can enable a 62% reduction in GHG emissions over the life cycle of a 500 ml PET bottle. Emissions from bio-based bottles upon incineration are compensated by CO2 removal during the renewable feedstock growth.
Discover more
Our Sustainability Strategy
Sustainability is at the heart of Avantium. Our goal is a fossil-free world, realized through innovation and robust governance.
CO2-based polyesters & chemicals
Through the electrochemical conversion of CO2, Avantium can produce high-value chemicals with a wide range of applications, including the CO2-based polymer PLGA.
PlantMEG
Avantium’s PlantMEG is a 100% plant-based building block for PET and PEF, with no compromise on quality or performance.